III. INSTALASI
A. SISTEM OPERASI
-
1. ALOKASI SLICE
dalam 1 partisi primer maksimum bisa dibagi menjadi 8 slice a s.d. h,
efektifnya hanya 6 karena slice-b dijadikan sebagai swap, dan slice-c
adalah alias yang merepresentasikan seluruh bagian partisi.
dengan layout disk seperti di seksi B. HARDWARE, total alokasi disk adalah sbb.
part2: 700c = 5491 MB terbagi atas:
ad0s2a: / (root termasuk /usr) 80c. nantinya akan diset read-only.
ad0s2b: swap 70c (549MB) mampu menampung dump memory 512MB.
ad0s2c: -
ad0s2d: /var 350c
ad0s2f: /tmp 200c.
part4: ? terbagi atas:
ad0s4a: -
ad0s4b: swap 200c (1568MB) untuk memory dump s.d 1,5G
ad0s4c: -
ad0s4d: /home 300c
ad0s4e: /usr/local 500c
ad0s4f: /base 3000c
ad0s4g: /disx (sisa space)
2. LANGKAH-LANGKAH INSTALASI:
- Konfigurasikan BIOS untuk booting lewat CD
- Masukkan CD, reboot.
Pilihan kedua:
Start kernel configuration in full-screen visual mode
Storage, maksimalkan transfer buffer dengan flags: 0xb0ffb0ff
- gambar..
Menu SysInstall
+---------- FreeBSD/i386 7.77-INGEnix - sysinstall Main Menu -----------+
| Welcome to the FreeBSD installation and configuration tool. Please |
| select one of the options below by using the arrow keys or typing the |
| first character of the option name you're interested in. Invoke an |
| option with [SPACE] or [ENTER]. To exit, use [TAB] to move to Exit. |
| +-------------------------------------------------------------------+ |
| | Usage Quick start - How to use this menu system | |
| | Standard Begin a standard installation (recommended) | |
| | Express Begin a quick installation (for experts) | |
| | Custom Begin a custom installation (for experts) | |
| | Configure Do post-install configuration of FreeBSD | |
| | Doc Installation instructions, README, etc. | |
| | Keymap Select keyboard type | |
| | Options View/Set various installation options | |
| | Fixit Repair mode with CDROM/DVD/floppy or start shell | |
| | Upgrade Upgrade an existing system | |
| | Load Config Load default install configuration | |
| | Index Glossary of functions | |
| +-------------------------------------------------------------------+ |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
| [ Select ] X Exit Install |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
catatan:
selalu gunakan CURSOR ARROW-UP, DOWN dan SPASI untuk memilih/menandai menu
ARROW-LEFT dan RIGHT digunakan untuk memilih pembatalan atau eksekusi
ENTER selalu akan mengeksekusi pilihan. perlu berhati-hati terutama ketika
terdapat pilihan memasang Boot-Manager dalam menu, jangan sampai diinstall
secara tidak sengaja.
contoh kustomisasi, pilih Options, ENTER
Options Editor
Name Value Name Value
---- ----- ---- -----
NFS Secure NO Install Root /
NFS Slow NO Browser package links
NFS TCP NO Browser Exec /usr/local/bin/links
NFS version 3 YES Media Type <not yet set>
Debugging NO Media Timeout 300
No Warnings NO Package Temp /var/tmp
Yes to All NO Newfs Args -b 16384 -f 2048
DHCP NO Fixit Console serial
IPv6 NO Re-scan Devices <*>
Skip PCCARD NO Use Defaults [RESET!]
FTP username ftp
Editor vi
Tape Blocksize 20
Extract Detail high
Release Name 7.77-INGEnix
Use SPACE to select/toggle an option, arrow keys to move,
? or F1 for more help. When you're done, type Q to Quit.
Pilih Newfs Args, tekan SPASI, ubah menjadi: -b 16384 -f 2048 -U -O1
-U = enable softupdate, -O1 = pilih filesystem UFS1
pilih Media Type, tekan SPASI
+----------------------- Choose Installation Media -----------------------+
| FreeBSD can be installed from a variety of different installation |
| media, ranging from floppies to an Internet FTP server. If you're |
| installing FreeBSD from a supported CD/DVD drive then this is generally |
| the best media to use if you have no overriding reason for using other |
| media. |
| +---------------------------------------------------------------------+ |
| | 1 CD/DVD Install from a FreeBSD CD/DVD | |
| | 2 FTP Install from an FTP server | |
| | 3 FTP Passive Install from an FTP server through a firewall | |
| | 4 HTTP Install from an FTP server through a http proxy | |
| | 5 DOS Install from a DOS partition | |
| | 6 NFS Install over NFS | |
| | 7 File System Install from an existing filesystem | |
| | 8 Floppy Install from a floppy disk set | |
| | 9 Tape Install from SCSI or QIC tape | |
| | X Options Go to the Options screen | |
| +---------------------------------------------------------------------+ |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| [ OK ] Cancel |
+------[ Press F1 for more information on the various media types ]-------+
pilih: DOS
Tekan q (quit) untuk keluar
Kembali ke Menu SysInstall
Pilih Standard, ENTER
Akan muncul pesan pembuka, tekan ENTER
pilih ad0s1, tekan DEL
pilih ad0s4, tekan DEL
sehingga layout disk menjadi sbb:
Disk name: ad0 FDISK Partition Editor
DISK Geometry: 14593 cyls/255 heads/63 sectors = 234436545 sectors (114470MB)
Offset Size(ST) End Name PType Desc Subtype Flags
0 63 62 - 12 unused 0
63 4819437 4819499 ad0s1 7 fat 11
4819500 11245500 16064999 - 12 unused 0
16065000 32130000 48194999 ad0s3 4 extended DOS, LBA 15
48195000 186246648 234441647 - 12 unused 0
pilih ad0s1, lalu tekan c (create)
+-------------------- Value Required ---------------------+
| Please specify the size for new FreeBSD slice in blocks |
| or append a trailing `M' for megabytes (e.g. 20M). |
| +-----------------------------------------------------+ |
| |11245500 | |
+-+-----------------------------------------------------+-|
| [ OK ] Cancel |
+---------------------------------------------------------+
nilai yang muncul menunjukkan seluruh sector dalam partisi ybs.
tekan saja ENTER untuk konfirmasi
+------------------------- Value Required -------------------------+
| Enter type of partition to create: |
| |
| Pressing Enter will choose the default, a native FreeBSD |
| slice (type 165). Other popular values are 6 for a |
| DOS FAT partition, 131 for a Linux ext2fs partition, or |
| 130 for a Linux swap partition. |
| |
| Note: If you choose a non-FreeBSD partition type, it will not |
| be formatted or otherwise prepared, it will simply reserve space |
| for you to use another tool, such as DOS format, to later format |
| and actually use the partition. |
| +--------------------------------------------------------------+ |
| |165 | |
+-+--------------------------------------------------------------+-|
| [ OK ] Cancel |
+------------------------------------------------------------------+
nilai yang muncul menunjukkan type ID freebsd, 165 = 0xA5. tekan ENTER
lakukan hal yang sama untuk ad0s4, tekan DEL, lalu tekan c (create)
sehingga layout disk menjadi sbb:
Disk name: ad0 FDISK Partition Editor
DISK Geometry: 14593 cyls/255 heads/63 sectors = 234436545 sectors (114470MB)
Offset Size(ST) End Name PType Desc Subtype Flags
0 63 62 - 12 unused 0
63 4819437 4819499 ad0s1 7 fat 11
4819500 11245500 16064999 ad0s2 8 freebsd 165
16065000 32130000 48194999 ad0s3 4 extended DOS, LBA 15
48195000 186241545 234436544 ad0s4 8 freebsd 165
234436545 5103 234441647 - 12 unused 0
tekan q (quit) untuk keluar
+----------------- Install Boot Manager for drive ad0? ------------------+
| FreeBSD comes with a boot selector that allows you to easily |
| select between FreeBSD and any other operating systems on your machine |
| at boot time. If you have more than one drive and want to boot |
| from the second one, the boot selector will also make it possible |
| to do so (limitations in the PC BIOS usually prevent this otherwise). |
| If you do not want a boot selector, or wish to replace an existing |
| one, select "standard". If you would prefer your Master Boot |
| Record to remain untouched then select "None". |
| |
| NOTE: PC-DOS users will almost certainly require "None"! |
| +--------------------------------------------------------------------+ |
| | BootMgr Install the FreeBSD Boot Manager | |
| | Standard Install a standard MBR (no boot manager) | |
| | => None Leave the Master Boot Record untouched | |
| +--------------------------------------------------------------------+ |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| [ OK ] Cancel |
+-----------------[ Press F1 to read about drive setup ]-----------------+
pilih None - Leave the Master Boot Record untouched, tekan ENTER
akan muncul kembali message, tekan ENTER untuk melanjutkan
FreeBSD Disklabel Editor
Disk: ad0 Partition name: ad0s2 Free: 11245500 blocks (5490MB)
Disk: ad0 Partition name: ad0s4 Free: 186241545 blocks (90938MB)
Part Mount Size Newfs Part Mount Size Newfs
---- ----- ---- ----- ---- ----- ---- -----
ad0s1 <none> 2353MB DOS
pilih ad0s2, tekan c (create)
+---------------------------- Value Required ----------------------------+
| Please specify the partition size in blocks or append a trailing G for |
| gigabytes, M for megabytes, or C for cylinders. |
| 11245500 blocks (5490MB) are free. |
| +--------------------------------------------------------------------+ |
| |80c | |
+-+--------------------------------------------------------------------+-|
| [ OK ] Cancel |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
nilai yang muncul menunjukkan sisa sector dalam partisi ybs.
tidak ada overwrite, BACKSPACE/DEL semuanya, ubah menjadi: 80c seperti diatas
tekan ENTER untuk konfirmasi
+---------------- Please choose a partition type ----------------+
| If you want to use this partition for swap space, select Swap. |
| If you want to put a filesystem on it, choose FS. |
| +------------------------------------------------------------+ |
| | => FS A file system | |
| | Swap A swap partition. | |
| +------------------------------------------------------------+ |
+----------------------------------------------------------------|
| [ OK ] Cancel |
+----------------------------------------------------------------+
pilih item pertama: FS - A file system, tekan ENTER
+---------------- Value Required ----------------+
| Please specify a mount point for the partition |
| +--------------------------------------------+ |
| |/ | |
+-+--------------------------------------------+-|
| [ OK ] Cancel |
+------------------------------------------------+
isi dengan / (root) seperti diatas, tekan ENTER
layout akan berubah menjadi sbb:
FreeBSD Disklabel Editor
Disk: ad0 Partition name: ad0s2 Free: 9960300 blocks (4863MB)
Disk: ad0 Partition name: ad0s4 Free: 186241545 blocks (90938MB)
Part Mount Size Newfs Part Mount Size Newfs
---- ----- ---- ----- ---- ----- ---- -----
ad0s1 <none> 2353MB DOS
ad0s2a / 627MB UFS2 Y
lakukan lagi, pilih ad0s2, tekan c (create)
+---------------------------- Value Required ----------------------------+
| Please specify the partition size in blocks or append a trailing G for |
| gigabytes, M for megabytes, or C for cylinders. |
| 9960300 blocks (4863MB) are free. |
| +--------------------------------------------------------------------+ |
| |70c | |
+-+--------------------------------------------------------------------+-|
| [ OK ] Cancel |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
nilai yang muncul menunjukkan sisa sector dalam partisi ybs.
tidak ada overwrite, BACKSPACE/DEL semuanya, ubah menjadi: 70c seperti diatas
tekan ENTER untuk konfirmasi
+---------------- Please choose a partition type ----------------+
| If you want to use this partition for swap space, select Swap. |
| If you want to put a filesystem on it, choose FS. |
| +------------------------------------------------------------+ |
| | FS A file system | |
| | => Swap A swap partition. | |
| +------------------------------------------------------------+ |
+----------------------------------------------------------------|
| [ OK ] Cancel |
+----------------------------------------------------------------+
pilih item kedua: Swap - A swap partition, tekan ENTER
kali ini tidak akan ada pilihan mountpoint, layout akan berubah menjadi sbb:
FreeBSD Disklabel Editor
Disk: ad0 Partition name: ad0s2 Free: 8835750 blocks (4314MB)
Disk: ad0 Partition name: ad0s4 Free: 186241545 blocks (90938MB)
Part Mount Size Newfs Part Mount Size Newfs
---- ----- ---- ----- ---- ----- ---- -----
ad0s1 <none> 2353MB DOS
ad0s2a / 627MB UFS2 Y
ad0s2b swap 549MB SWAP
pada tahapan ini, modifikasi belum benar-benar dilakukan secara fisik.
jika ada kesalahan, pilih slice yang salah lalu tekan DEL, ulangi create.
misalnya 80c untuk / ditulis 80m, maka harus dihapus slice ad0s2b dan ad0s2a.
lakukan slice-creation seperti langkah-langkah diatas untuk:
ad0s2 /var = 350c
ad0s2 /tmp = 200c (atau sisa space dari ad0s1)
ad0s4 swap = 200c
ad0s4 /home = 300c
ad0s4 /usr/local = 500c
ad0s4 /base = 3000c
ad0s4 /disx = sisa space dari ad0s4
layout akan menjadi sbb:
FreeBSD Disklabel Editor
Disk: ad0 Partition name: ad0s2 Free: 0 blocks (0MB)
Disk: ad0 Partition name: ad0s4 Free: 0 blocks (0MB)
Part Mount Size Newfs Part Mount Size Newfs
---- ----- ---- ----- ---- ----- ---- -----
ad0s1 <none> 2353MB DOS ad0s4e /usr/loca 3922MB UFS2+S Y
ad0s2a / 627MB UFS2 Yad0s4f /base 15688MB UFS2+S Y
ad0s2b swap 549MB SWAP ad0s4g /disx 67405MB UFS2+S Y
ad0s2d /var 2745MB UFS2+S Y
ad0s2e /tmp 1568MB UFS2+S Y
ad0s4b swap 1568MB SWAP
ad0s4d /home 2353MB UFS2+S Y
UFS2 tidak bisa diakses oleh FreeBSD4 kebawah. jika diperlukan kompatibilitas.
pilih slice yang akan dimodifikasi, lalu masukkan argument newfs secara manual
dengan menekan z. ubah argument dari -O2 menjadi -O1.
+------------------------ Value Required -------------------------+
| Please enter the newfs command and options you'd like to use in |
| creating this file system. |
| +-------------------------------------------------------------+ |
| |newfs -U -O1 | |
+-+-------------------------------------------------------------+-|
| [ OK ] Cancel |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------+
modifikasi ini *hanya diperlukan* jika anda bermaksud untuk mempertahankan
kompatibilitas dengan FreeBSD4 dan/atau OS lain (mis. OpenBSD dan NetBSD)
yang hanya mengenal UFS1. tekan q (quit) untuk melanjutkan..
+---------------------------- Choose Distributions ----------------------------+
| As a convenience, we provide several "canned" distribution sets. |
| These select what we consider to be the most reasonable defaults for the |
| type of system in question. If you would prefer to pick and choose the |
| list of distributions yourself, simply select "Custom". You can also |
| pick a canned distribution set and then fine-tune it with the Custom item. |
| |
| Choose an item by pressing [SPACE] or [ENTER]. When finished, choose the |
| Exit item or move to the OK button with [TAB]. |
| +--------------------------------------------------------------------------+ |
| | <<< X Exit Exit this menu (returning to previous) | |
| | All All system sources, binaries and X Window System | |
| | Reset Reset selected distribution list to nothing | |
| | [ ] 4 Developer Full sources, binaries and doc but no games | |
| | [ ] 5 X-Developer Same as above + X Window System | |
| | [ ] 6 Kern-Developer Full binaries and doc, kernel sources only | |
| | [ ] 7 X-Kern-Developer Same as above + X Window System | |
| | [ ] 8 User Average user - binaries and doc only | |
| | [ ] 9 X-User Same as above + X Window System | |
| | [x] A Minimal The smallest configuration possible | |
| | > > B Custom Specify your own distribution set | |
| +--------------------------------------------------------------------------+ |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| [ OK ] Cancel |
+-------------[ Press F1 for more information on these options. ]--------------+
pilih: A - Minimal dan tandai dengan SPACE hingga seperti diatas
lalu pilih B - Custom
Jika salah memilih, ulangi dengan Reset
jika muncul box ini, berarti yang dipilih bukan A - Minimal
+------------------------- User Confirmation Requested -------------------------+
| Would you like to install the FreeBSD ports collection? |
| |
| This will give you ready access to over 17,000 ported software packages, |
| at a cost of around 400MB of disk space when "clean" and possibly |
| much more than that when a lot of the distribution tarballs are loaded |
| (unless you have the extra discs available from a FreeBSD CD/DVD distribution |
| and can mount them on /cdrom, in which case this is far less of a problem). |
| |
| The ports collection is a very valuable resource and well worth having |
| on your /usr partition, so it is advisable to say Yes to this option. |
| |
| For more information on the ports collection & the latest ports, visit: |
| http://www.freebsd.org/ports |
| |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Yes [ No ] |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
Defaultnya adalah Yes, Pilih No.
+----------- Select the distributions you wish to install. -----------+
| Please check off the distributions you wish to install. At the |
| very minimum, this should be "base". |
| +-----------------------------------------------------------------+ |
| | <<< X Exit Exit this menu (returning to previous) | |
| | All All system sources, binaries and X Window System | |
| | Reset Reset all of the below | |
| | [X] base Binary base distribution (required) | |
| | [X] kernels Binary kernel distributions (required) | |
| | [X] dict Spelling checker dictionary files | |
| | [?] doc Miscellaneous FreeBSD online docs | |
| | [X] games Games (non-commercial) | |
| | [X] info GNU info files | |
| | [X] man System manual pages - recommended | |
| | [X] catman Preformatted system manual pages | |
| | [ ] proflibs Profiled versions of the libraries | |
| | [ ] src Sources for everything | |
| | [ ] ports The FreeBSD Ports collection | |
| | [ ] local Local additions collection | |
| | [ ] X.Org The X.Org distribution | |
| +-----------------------------------------------------------------+ |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------|
| [ OK ] Cancel |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------+
Tandai seperti diatas, pilih (x) Exit dan tekan ENTER
sebetulnya sangat saya sarankan untuk menginstall "doc", asal jangan lupa
nantinya untuk menghapus bahasa selain english (menghemat 260MB!)
tekan TAB atau LEFT/RIGHT ARROW untuk memilih OK, tekan ENTER untuk konfirmasi
+----------------------- Choose Installation Media -----------------------+
| FreeBSD can be installed from a variety of different installation |
| media, ranging from floppies to an Internet FTP server. If you're |
| installing FreeBSD from a supported CD/DVD drive then this is generally |
| the best media to use if you have no overriding reason for using other |
| media. |
| +---------------------------------------------------------------------+ |
| | 1 CD/DVD Install from a FreeBSD CD/DVD | |
| | 2 FTP Install from an FTP server | |
| | 3 FTP Passive Install from an FTP server through a firewall | |
| | 4 HTTP Install from an FTP server through a http proxy | |
| | =>5 DOS Install from a DOS partition | |
| | 6 NFS Install over NFS | |
| | 7 File System Install from an existing filesystem | |
| | 8 Floppy Install from a floppy disk set | |
| | 9 Tape Install from SCSI or QIC tape | |
| | X Options Go to the Options screen | |
| +---------------------------------------------------------------------+ |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| [ OK ] Cancel |
+------[ Press F1 for more information on the various media types ]-------+
Jika source telah dicopy ke folder C:\FREEBSD, seperti yang disarankan
di seksi II.A. PERSIAPAN, bisa dipilih: 5 - DOS.
pilih OK dan tekan ENTER
...
+---------------------------- Message -----------------------------+
|Congratulations! You now have FreeBSD installed on your system. |
| |
|We will now move on to the final configuration questions. |
|For any option you do not wish to configure, simply select |
|No. |
| |
|If you wish to re-enter this utility after the system is up, you |
|may do so by typing: /usr/sbin/sysinstall. |
+----------------------------------------------------------(100%)--|
| [ OK ] |
+---------------------[ Press enter or space ]---------------------+
+--------------------- User Confirmation Requested ---------------------+
| Would you like to configure any Ethernet or SLIP/PPP network devices? |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------|
| [ Yes ] No |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
+-------------- Network interface information required ---------------+
| If you are using PPP over a serial device, as opposed to a direct |
| ethernet connection, then you may first need to dial your Internet |
| Service Provider using the ppp utility we provide for that purpose. |
| If you're using SLIP over a serial device then the expectation is |
| that you have a HARDWIRED connection. |
| |
| You can also install over a parallel port using a special "laplink" |
| cable to another machine running FreeBSD. |
| +-----------------------------------------------------------------+ |
| | fwe0 FireWire Ethernet emulation | |
| | fwip0 IP over FireWire | |
| | => rl0 RealTek 8129/8139 PCI Ethernet card | |
| | rl1 RealTek 8129/8139 PCI Ethernet card | |
| | pflog0 <unknown network interface type> | |
| | sl0 SLIP interface on device /dev/cuad0 (COM1) | |
| | ppp0 PPP interface on device /dev/cuad0 (COM1) | |
| | sl0 SLIP interface on device /dev/cuad1 (COM2) | |
| | ppp0 PPP interface on device /dev/cuad1 (COM2) | |
| +-----------------------------------------------------------------+ |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------|
| [ OK ] Cancel |
+----------[ Press F1 to read network configuration manual ]----------+
pilih interface yang terhubung ke modem, mis. rl0
+-------------- User Confirmation Requested --------------+
| Do you want to try IPv6 configuration of the interface? |
+---------------------------------------------------------|
| Yes [ No ] |
+---------------------------------------------------------+
+-------------- User Confirmation Requested --------------+
| Do you want to try DHCP configuration of the interface? |
+---------------------------------------------------------|
| Yes [ No ] |
+---------------------------------------------------------+
+----------------------------------- Network Configuration --------------------+
| Host: Domain: |
| +-----------------------+ +------------------+ |
| |ade | |softindo.box | |
| +-----------------------+ +------------------+ |
| IPv4 Gateway: Name server: |
| +----------------+ +----------------+ |
| |192.168.0.1 | |192.168.0.1 | |
| +----------------+ +----------------+ |
| +----- Configuration for Interface rl0 -----------------------+ |
| | IPv4 Address: Netmask: | |
| | +----------------+ +----------------+ | |
| | |192.168.0.2 | |255.255.255.0 | | |
| | +----------------+ +----------------+ | |
| | Extra options to ifconfig (usually empty): | |
| | +-----------------------------------+ | |
| | | | | |
| | +-----------------------------------+ | |
| | | |
| | +------+ +----------+ | |
| | | OK | | CANCEL | | |
| | +------+ +----------+ | |
| | | |
| +-------------------------------------------------------------+ |
| |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
+-------------- User Confirmation Requested --------------+
| Would you like to bring the rl0 interface up right now? |
+---------------------------------------------------------|
| [ Yes ] No |
+---------------------------------------------------------+
+--------------- User Confirmation Requested ----------------+
| Do you want this machine to function as a network gateway? |
+------------------------------------------------------------|
| [ Yes ] No |
+------------------------------------------------------------+
Defaultnya adalah No. Pilih Yes.
+----------------------- User Confirmation Requested -----------------------+
| Do you want to configure inetd and the network services that it provides? |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Yes [ No ] |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
+---- User Confirmation Requested ----+
| Would you like to enable SSH login? |
+-------------------------------------|
| [ Yes ] No |
+-------------------------------------+
Defaultnya adalah No. Pilih Yes.
+--------------- User Confirmation Requested ---------------+
| Do you want to have anonymous FTP access to this machine? |
+-----------------------------------------------------------|
| [ Yes ] No |
+-----------------------------------------------------------+
Defaultnya adalah No. Jika diperlukan bisa dipilih Yes.
+---------------------- User Confirmation Requested ----------------------+
| Anonymous FTP permits un-authenticated users to connect to the system |
| FTP server, if FTP service is enabled. Anonymous users are |
| restricted to a specific subset of the file system, and the default |
| configuration provides a drop-box incoming directory to which uploads |
| are permitted. You must separately enable both inetd(8), and enable |
| ftpd(8) in inetd.conf(5) for FTP services to be available. If you |
| did not do so earlier, you will have the opportunity to enable inetd(8) |
| again later. |
| |
| If you want the server to be read-only you should leave the upload |
| directory option empty and add the -r command-line option to ftpd(8) |
| in inetd.conf(5) |
| |
| Do you wish to continue configuring anonymous FTP? |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| [ Yes ] No |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+
+-------------------------------- Anonymous FTP Configuration -----------------+
| |
| UID: Group: Comment: |
| +------+ +-------------+ +----------------------+ |
| |14 | |ftp | |Anonymous FTP Admin | |
| +------+ +-------------+ +----------------------+ |
| |
| +------------- Path Configuration ----------------------------+ |
| | | |
| | FTP Root Directory: | |
| | +-----------------------------------------+ | |
| | |/disx/ftp | | |
| | +-----------------------------------------+ | |
| | | |
| | Upload Subdirectory: | |
| | +--------------------+ | |
| | |upload | | |
| | +--------------------+ | |
| | | |
| | +------+ +----------+ | |
| | | OK | | CANCEL | | |
| | +------+ +----------+ | |
| | | |
| +-------------------------------------------------------------+ |
| |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
+------------- User Confirmation Requested --------------+
| Create a welcome message file for anonymous FTP users? |
+--------------------------------------------------------|
| Yes [ No ] |
+--------------------------------------------------------+
Defaultnya adalah Yes. Pilih No
+-------------- User Confirmation Requested --------------+
| Do you want to configure this machine as an NFS server? |
+---------------------------------------------------------|
| Yes [ No ] |
+---------------------------------------------------------+
+-------------- User Confirmation Requested --------------+
| Do you want to configure this machine as an NFS client? |
+---------------------------------------------------------|
| Yes [ No ] |
+---------------------------------------------------------+
+--------------- User Confirmation Requested ---------------+
| Would you like to customize your system console settings? |
+-----------------------------------------------------------|
| [ Yes ] No |
+-----------------------------------------------------------+
Defaultnya adalah No. sebaiknya dipilih Yes untuk mengeset font.
+----------------- System Console Configuration ------------------+
| The default system console driver for FreeBSD (syscons) has a |
| number of configuration options which may be set according to |
| your preference. |
| |
| When you are done setting configuration options, select Cancel. |
| +-------------------------------------------------------------+ |
| | X Exit Exit this menu (returning to previous) | |
| | => 2 Font Choose an alternate screen font | |
| | 3 Keymap Choose an alternate keyboard map | |
| | 4 Repeat Set the rate at which keys repeat | |
| | 5 Saver Configure the screen saver | |
| | 6 Screenmap Choose an alternate screenmap | |
| | 7 Ttys Choose console terminal type | |
| +-------------------------------------------------------------+ |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------|
| [ OK ] Cancel |
+-----------[ Configure your system console settings ]------------+
Pilih 2 - Font, lalu tekan ENTER
+------------------------- System Console Font --------------------------+
| Most PC hardware defaults to displaying characters in the |
| IBM 437 character set. However, in the Unix world, this |
| character set is very rarely used. Most Western European |
| countries, for example, prefer ISO 8859-1. |
| American users won't notice the difference since the bottom half |
| of all these charactersets is ANSI anyway. However, they might |
| want to load a font anyway to use the 30- or 50-line displays. |
| If your hardware is capable of downloading a new display font, |
| you can select the appropriate font below. |
| +--------------------------------------------------------------------+ |
| | 1 None Use hardware default font | |
| | 2 IBM 437 English and others, VGA default | |
| | 3 IBM 850 Western Europe, IBM encoding | |
| | 4 IBM 865 Norwegian, IBM encoding | |
| | 5 IBM 866 Russian, IBM encoding (use with KOI8-R screenmap) | |
| | 6 IBM 866u Ukrainian, IBM encoding (use with KOI8-U screenmap) | |
| | 7 IBM 1251 Cyrillic, MS Windows encoding | |
| | 8 ISO 8859-1 Western Europe, ISO encoding | |
| | 9 ISO 8859-2 Eastern Europe, ISO encoding | |
| | a ISO 8859-4 Baltic, ISO encoding | |
| | b ISO 8859-7 Greek, ISO encoding | |
| | c ISO 8859-8 Hebrew, ISO encoding | |
| | d ISO 8859-15 Europe, ISO encoding | |
| | e SWISS English, better resolution | |
| +--------------------------------------------------------------------+ |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| [ OK ] Cancel |
+---------------------------[ Choose a font ]----------------------------+
Pilih 2 - IBM 437 atau e - SWISS, lalu tekan ENTER dan x (exit), ENTER
+------------ User Confirmation Requested ------------+
| Would you like to set this machine's time zone now? |
+-----------------------------------------------------|
| [ Yes ] No |
+-----------------------------------------------------+
Defaultnya adalah Yes. Pilih No.
Jika dipilih Yes:
+---------- Select local or UTC (Greenwich Mean Time) clock -----------+
| Is this machine's CMOS clock set to UTC? If it is set to local time,|
| or you don't know, please choose NO here! |
| |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Yes [ No ] |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------+
Defaultnya adalah No. sebaiknya tetap begitu.
Jika dipilih Yes:
+------- Time Zone Selector --------+
| Select a region |
| +-------------------------------+ |
| | 1 Africa | |
| | 2 America -- North and South | |
| | 3 Antarctica | |
| | 4 Arctic Ocean | |
| | 5 Asia | |
| | 6 Atlantic Ocean | |
| | 7 Australia | |
| | 8 Europe | |
| | 9 Indian Ocean | |
| | 0 Pacific Ocean | |
| +-------------------------------+ |
+-----------------------------------|
| [ OK ] Cancel |
+-----------------------------------+
Pilih Asia - Indonesia - Java & Sumatera
+------------ User Confirmation Requested -------------+
| Would you like to enable Linux binary compatibility? |
+------------------------------------------------------|
| Yes [ No ] |
+------------------------------------------------------+
Defaultnya adalah Yes. Kelihatannya menggiurkan, tapi tidak ada gunanya selain memenuhi disk.
Jangan pilih Yes. pilih No.
+------------ User Confirmation Requested ------------+
| Does this system have a PS/2, serial, or bus mouse? |
+-----------------------------------------------------|
| [ Yes ] No |
+-----------------------------------------------------+
Defaultnya adalah No. sebaiknya pilih Yes untuk mengaktifkan mouse.
+--------------------- Please configure your mouse ----------------------+
| You can cut and paste text in the text console by running the mouse |
| daemon. Specify a port and a protocol type of your mouse and enable |
| the mouse daemon. If you don't want this feature, select 6 to disable |
| the daemon. |
| Once you've enabled the mouse daemon, you can specify "/dev/sysmouse" |
| as your mouse device and "SysMouse" or "MouseSystems" as mouse |
| protocol when running the X configuration utility (see Configuration |
| menu). |
| +--------------------------------------------------------------------+ |
| | X Exit Exit this menu (returning to previous) | |
| | => 2 Enable Test and run the mouse daemon | |
| | 3 Type Select mouse protocol type | |
| | 4 Port Select mouse port | |
| | 5 Flags Set additional flags | |
| | 6 Disable Disable the mouse daemon | |
| +--------------------------------------------------------------------+ |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| [ OK ] Cancel |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------+
Pilih 2 - Enable, tekan ENTER
+----------- User Confirmation Requested ------------+
| Now move the mouse and see if it works. |
| (Note that buttons don't have any effect for now.) |
| |
| Is the mouse cursor moving? |
| |
+----------------------------------------------------|
| [ Yes ] No |
+----------------------------------------------------+
Tekan ENTER, kemudian x (exit), ENTER
+------------------------ User Confirmation Requested -------------------------+
| The FreeBSD package collection is a collection of thousands of ready-to-run |
| applications, from text editors to games to WEB servers and more. Would you |
| like to browse the collection now? |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Yes [ No ] |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
Defaultnya adalah Yes. pilih No jika anda menginstall dari DOS
Jika diinstall dari DVD, bisa dipilih Yes:
+---------------------------- Package Selection -----------------------------+
| To mark a package, move to it and press SPACE. If the package is |
| already marked, it will be unmarked or deleted (if installed). |
| Items marked with a `D' are dependencies which will be auto-loaded. |
| To search for a package by name, press ESC. To select a category, |
| press RETURN. NOTE: The All category selection creates a very large |
| submenu! If you select it, please be patient while it comes up. |
| +------------------------------------------------------------------------+ |
| | All All available packages in all categories. | |
| | accessibility Ports to help disabled users. | |
| | afterstep Ports to support the AfterStep window manager. | |
| | archivers Utilities for archiving and unarchiving data. | |
| | astro Applications related to astronomy. | |
| | audio Audio utilities - most require a supported sound card. | |
| | chinese Ported software for the Chinese market. | |
| | comms Communications utilities. | |
| | converters Format conversion utilities. | |
| | databases Database software. | |
| | deskutils Various Desktop utilities. | |
| | devel Software development utilities and libraries. | |
| +-v(+)-------------------------------------------------------------------+ |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| [OK] Install |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
Tekan PAGE-DOWN atau arrow sampai ke item: shells
+---------------------------- Package Selection -----------------------------+
| To mark a package, move to it and press SPACE. If the package is |
| already marked, it will be unmarked or deleted (if installed). |
| Items marked with a `D' are dependencies which will be auto-loaded. |
| To search for a package by name, press ESC. To select a category, |
| press RETURN. NOTE: The All category selection creates a very large |
| submenu! If you select it, please be patient while it comes up. |
| +-^(-)-------------------------------------------------------------------+ |
| | print Utilities for dealing with printing. | |
| | python Software related to the Python language. | |
| | ruby Software related to the Ruby language. | |
| | scheme Software related to the Scheme language. | |
| | security System security software. | |
| | shells Various shells (tcsh, bash, etc). | |
| | sysutils Various system utilities. | |
| | textproc Text processing/search utilities. | |
| | windowmaker Ports to support the WindowMaker window manager. | |
| | www Web utilities (browsers, HTTP servers, etc). | |
| | x11 X Window System based utilities. | |
| | x11-clocks X Window System based clocks. | |
| +-v(+)-------------------------------------------------------------------+ |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| [OK] Install |
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
pilih: shells - Various shells (tcsh, bash, etc).
+---------------------- shells -----------------------+
| Various shells (tcsh, bash, etc). |
| +-------------------------------------------------+ |
| | [X] bash-3.2.39_1 [/usr/ports/shells/bash] | |
| | [ ] pdksh-5.2.14p2_2 [/usr/ports/shells/pdksh] | |
| | [ ] zsh-4.3.6_7 [/usr/ports/shells/zsh] | |
| +-------------------------------------------------+ |
+-----------------------------------------------------|
| [ OK ] Cancel |
+-----------------------------------------------------+
tandai bash seperti diatas, gunakan ARROW menuju OK, tekan ENTER
+------------------------ Package Targets ------------------------+
| These are the packages you've selected for extraction. |
| |
| If you're sure of these choices, select OK. |
| If not, select Cancel to go back to the package selection menu. |
| |
| +-------------------------------------------------------------+ |
| | bash-3.2.39_1 [/usr/ports/shells/bash] | |
| +-------------------------------------------------------------+ |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------|
| [ OK ] Cancel |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------+
+-------------------- User Confirmation Requested --------------------+
| Would you like to add any initial user accounts to the system? |
| Adding at least one account for yourself at this stage is suggested |
| since working as the "root" user is dangerous (it is easy to do |
| things which adversely affect the entire system). |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Yes [ No ] |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------+
Defaultnya adalah Yes. Pilih No jika anda tidak memerlukan user baru.
Jika dipilih Yes:
+-------------- User and group management --------------+
| The submenus here allow to manipulate user groups and |
| login accounts. |
| |
| +---------------------------------------------------+ |
| | X Exit Exit this menu (returning to previous) | |
| |=>User Add a new user to the system. | |
| | Group Add a new user group to the system. | |
| +---------------------------------------------------+ |
+-------------------------------------------------------|
| [ OK ] Cancel |
+-------[ Configure your user groups and users ]--------+
pilih User, ENTER
+--------------------------------- User and Group Management ------------------+
| +------------------ Add a new user --------------------------------------+ |
| | | |
| | Login ID: UID: Group: Password: | |
| | +--------------+ +------+ +------+ +-------------+ | |
| | |aa | |999 | | | |** | | |
| | +--------------+ +------+ +------+ +-------------+ | |
| | | |
| | Full name: Member groups: | |
| | +-------------------------------+ +-------------+ | |
| | |Inge DR, M.Fin. | |0 | | |
| | +-------------------------------+ +-------------+ | |
| | | |
| | Home directory: Login shell: | |
| | +------------------+ +---------------------------+ | |
| | |/home/aa | |/usr/local/bin/bash | | |
| | +------------------+ +---------------------------+ | |
| | | |
| | +------+ +----------+ | |
| | | OK | | CANCEL | | |
| | +------+ +----------+ | |
| | | |
| +------------------------------------------------------------------------+ |
| |
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
masukkan user baru, dengan group member = 0, serta shell = bash
+---------------------- Message -----------------------+
|Now you must set the system manager's password. |
|This is the password you'll use to log in as "root". |
+----------------------------------------------(100%)--|
| [ OK ] |
+---------------[ Press enter or space ]---------------+
New Password: tekan saja ENTER
Retype New Password: tekan ENTER lagi
+-------------- User Confirmation Requested ---------------+
| Visit the general configuration menu for a chance to set |
| any last options? |
+----------------------------------------------------------|
| [ Yes ] No |
+----------------------------------------------------------+
Defaultnya adalah No.
Pilih Yes, karena kita harus melakukan beberapa perbaikan.
Dari Menu Utama pilih: Fixit - Repair mode with CDROM/DVD/floppy or start shell
+---------------------- Please choose a fixit option ----------------------+
| There are three ways of going into "fixit" mode: |
| - you can use the live filesystem CDROM/DVD, in which case there will be |
| full access to the complete set of FreeBSD commands and utilities, |
| - you can use the more limited (but perhaps customized) fixit floppy, |
| - or you can start an Emergency Holographic Shell now, which is |
| limited to the subset of commands that is already available right now. |
| +----------------------------------------------------------------------+ |
| | X Exit Exit this menu (returning to previous) | |
| | 2 CDROM/DVD Use the "live" filesystem CDROM/DVD | |
| | 3 Floppy Use a floppy generated from the fixit image | |
| | => 4 Shell Start an Emergency Holographic Shell | |
| +----------------------------------------------------------------------+ |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| [ OK ] Cancel |
+------------[ Press F1 for more detailed repair instructions ]------------+
Idealnya adalah pilihan 2 - CDROM/DVD, tapi kebanyakan tidak mempersiapkannya
jadi kita pilih saja yang pasti tersedia: 4 - Emergency Holographic Shell
[ROOT] = ?
3. FIXUP
a. MBR
Instalasi FreeBSD [u]selalu[/] akan memodifikasi partition table dengan nilai
yang tidak standard bahkan sama sekali salah. meski hampir tidak ada
pengaruhnya jika kita selalu booting ke FreeBSD, hal ini bisa menimbulkan
konflik dengan OS atau aplikasi lain.
kesalahan modifikasi partition table:
1) apapun pilihan kita sewaktu instalasi, partisi freebsd selalu akan diset aktif.
jika kita membuat dua partisi berisi FreeBSD, maka kedua partisi ini semua
akan diset aktif, akibatnya jelas tidak akan bisa booting ke OS lain.
sesuai standard dan implementasi, hanya 1 partition yang boleh diset aktif.
2) starting side/sector akan diset = 255/63, ending sector diset = 0,
seharusnya adalah: starting head/sector = 0/1 dan ending sector = 63;
nilai CHS ini sebetulnya kadaluwarsa, tidak dipakai oleh OS baru, namun
betapa parahnya jika partition di-resize berdasarkan nilai yang salah ini 
cat. ranish partition manager juga melakukan kesalahan seperti ini.
sejak pertama kali saya install freebsd-3 hingga saat ini keluar 8-current,
kesalahan diatas tidak pernah dibetulkan atau dipedulikan.
seperti bisa dilihat dari excerption dibawah dari man sysinstall 
This utility is a prototype which lasted several years past its expira-
tion date and is greatly in need of death.
jadi setelah instalasi selesai, jangan langsung di-reboot ulang, kita harus
mengoreksi default bootable partition dengan perintah:
[ROOT]/sbin/fdisk -a
Partition N is marked active
Do you want to change the active partition? [n] y
Supply a decimal value for "active partition" [N] 1
Are you happy with this choice [n] y
...
Should we write new partition table? [n] y
perintah ini bisa digunakan kapan saja kita mau mengganti bootable partition.
nilai-nilai CHS, selanjutnya perlu dibetulkan dari DOS dengan Norton Disk Editor.
reparasi MBR bisa juga dilakukan dari FreeBSD (tidak disarankan untuk pemula) sbb:
ambil MBR, save sebagai file: mbr
dd count=1 if=/dev/ad0 of=mbr
edit dengan bvi:
byte pada offset 0x01BE menandakan part1 bootable, di set = 0x80
3 bytes mulai offset 0x01CE, dan/atau 0x01DE atau 0x01EE dimodifikasi sbb:
byte#1 = bootable partition? nilai salah = 0x80, seharusnya diset = 0
byte#2 = starting side, nilai salah = 0xFF (255), seharusnya diset = 0
byte#3 = (hanya 5 bit terakhir) starting sector, nilai salah = +0x3F (63),
seharusnya = 1. bit 7 dan 6 jangan dirubah, jadi dikurangi saja
nilai byte#3 ini sebesar 0x3E (62)
overwrite MBR
dd count=1 of=/dev/ad0 if=mbr
b. Perampingan.
menghemat sekitar 90MB:
rm -f [ROOT]/boot/GENERIC/*.symbols
menghapus bahasa selain english (sekitar 260MB) jika anda menginstal DOC:
cd [ROOT]/usr/share/doc
for sampah in bn da de el es fr hu it ja mn nl pl pt ru sr tr zh
{ rm -Rf $sampah ${sampah}_*; }
